Gas-engine.



No. 745,703. r PATENTED DEO.-1, 190s.

" G. WESTINGHOUSE.

GAS ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED DBO. 24, 1900.

N0 MODEL. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

WITNESSES THE "um-us parts: 0:). marourm. WASHINGTON, b. c

v PATENTBD DEC. 1, 1903., G. WESTINGHOUSE.

GAS ENGINE. v APPLFOATION FILED DEG. 24, 1900.

N0 MODEL.

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UNITED STATES Patented December 1, 1903.

PATENT Genres.

GAS-ENGIN E.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 745,703, dated December1, 1903.

Application filed December 24,1903. Serial No. 40,840. (No model.)

character which shall be simple,'compact,aud

substantial in construction and which shall be provided with meanswhereby scavenging of the explosion-cylinder shall be effected aftereach explosion and whereby premature explosions shall be avoided.

With these ends in view I have devised the engine shown in theaccompanying drawings,

in which- Figure 1. is a plan view, and Fig. 2 a side elevation, of theengine, a portion of the attachments shown in the latter figure being insection. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the engine onaplurality of different planes, so as to show the interior of thecompression and power cylinders and the inlet and exhaust valves; andFig. 4 is a transverse.

section on line IV IV of. Fig. 3. p

The engine shown embodies two explosioncylinders and suitablecotiperating parts, the pistons in said cylinders being actuated alter Inately by the explosions in the cylinders; as

. cylinders.

is usual in engines of this character but so far as my presentimprovements are concerned the engine might have a single cylin-. der ormore than two,if desired. The 'en{ glue is also shown as of the verticaltype and for convenience will be so described, without,

however, any intention of limiting the inven-' tion to engines of thattype. The base 1, which, as here shown, constitutes the crank-case ofthe engine, is monnt-.

ed upon a suitable foundation and directly supports theexplosion-cylinders 2, which in turn support the pumping-cylinders 3,employed for supplying gas tothe explosion- The walls of the cylinders 2may be provided with chambers 4 for the circulation of a cooling liquid,as is usual in gasengines, and the head-plate 5,which is formed as anintegral part of the cylinder 3, may be ovided with a cylindricalopening 6, lead-- ing the two heads.

ing to' the lower end of the cylinder 3, which lower end communicateswith a lateral chain ber'7. The piston 8, which operates in theexplosion-cylinder 2, is connected by suitable means, well known in theart, to the main shaft of the engine (not shown) for the purpose ofoperating the same. The piston 9,

operating in the cylinder 3, is connected to the piston 8 by means of ahollow stem 10,

which embodies at its upper end, adjacent to the piston 9, a valve 11,comprising a central tubular portion 12, two cylindrical heads 13, andspirally-disposed wings 14:, connect- This stem 10 and its valve 11 maybe cooled by means of liquid supplied and'circulated therethrough bymeans of pipes 15 and 16, the pipe 15, which surrounds the pipe 16,being in communication with a chamber 17 in the head-plate 18 of thecylinder 3. This chamber 17 may communicate with chambers 19 in the sidewalls of the cylinder 3 or directly with some outside receptacle forreceiving or snpplyingliquid. Thehead-plate 18 is provided with agas-receiving chamber 20, having a port 21, opening into the upperend ofthe cylinder 3, and a downwardlyiopening valve 22,which may bespring-pressed toward its seat, as is usual.

The head 18 is also provided with a chamber 23, that has a .port 24,-which opens into the cylinder 3 and is normally closed by aspring-pressed upwardly-op'ening valve 25. The chamber 23 is in opencommunication with the upper end of explosion-chamber 2 by means of oneor more'passages 26. The chamber 20 receives gas from'a suitable'sourcethrough a supply pipe 27 and a regulating valve 28. The

amount of gas admitted through the valve.

28 may be regulated by adjusting the bushing 29 by means of a handle 30,as shown in Fig. 2. The valve-piston 31 is mounted upon the upper end ofa rod 32, which is vertically adjusted in accordance with the speed ofthe engine by the action of the governor 33 upon the governor-shaft 34.The valve 35 for supplying air to the chamber 7 also comprises a bushing36, that may be adjusted circumferentially by means of a handle '37 anda valve-piston 38, that is non-rotatively mounted upon the gov?)nor-shaft 34, so as to be adjusted vertically t ,ereby in accordancewith the speed of the engine. The governor-shaft 34 is also providedwith a sprocket-wheel 39, which drives a sprocket-chain 40, the purposeof which will be hereinafter specified. The exhaustrport 41 of eachexplosion-cylinder communicates with a valve-casing 42, the upper end ofwhich is connected to a pipe 43 and the lower end to a pipe 44. The pipe43 connects directly with an exhaust or waste pipe 45, and the pipe 44connects with a drum 46, which surrounds a portion of a pipe 43 andwhich is connected to anexhaust-pump 47, the exhaust-port of whichcommunicates with the pipe 45 by means of a pipe 48. The valve-casing 42contains a cylindrical valve 49, which is mounted upon the lower end ofa shaft 50, the latter being rotated by means of a sprocket-wheel 51 atits upper end and the sprocket chain 40, driven from the sprocket-wheel39 on the governor-shaft 34. The valve 49 is divided by radialpartitions into two opposite chambers 52, which are closed at the bottomand open at the top, and

two opposite chambers 53, which are closed at the top and open at thebottom. The curved side wall of each of the chambers 52 and 53 isprovided with a port 54. These ports register intermittingly withcorresponding ports 55 in the side walls of the cylindrical shell 56 ofthe valve-casing. The rotation of the valve is so timed by means of thegearing that the ports 54, opening into the chambers 52, will registerwith the ports 55 when the exhaust-ports 41 are first uncovered, so thatthe products of combustion then exerting a maximum pressure will rushout through the valve and pipes 43 and 45. Further rotation of the valvewill bring the ports 54, which open into the chambers 53, intocommunication with the ports 55, thus connecting the exhaust-ports 41through pipe 44 and drum 46 to the pump 47, which will suck out theremaining products of combustion and insure the introduction of a chargeof fresh air to take the place of such products. This valve mechanism isemployed in order to economize in the size of the pumping apparatusemployed, it being obvious that if the gas is permitted to escape whenunder pressure without passing through the pump a less quantity willhave to be withdrawn by the pump in order to produce the de siredpartial vacuum in the cylinders, by virtue of which the requisite supplyof air is drawn in to mix with the gas which is introduced from thecompressing cylinder. I wish it to be understood, however, that myinvention is not limited to the employment of a valve between the pumpand the explosion-cylinders, since all of the products of combustion maypass through the pump, if desired.

The valve 11 is so constructed as to permit of this action until thereturn stroke of the pistons brings the lower head 13 of the valve 11into engagement with the walls of the opening 6.

During the downward movement of the pistons caused by an explosion,which is efof the partial vacuum formed therein, which permits thepressure of gas to unseat the valve 22. The amount of gas thus drawn inwill be sufiicient to combine with the air in cylinder 2 to constitute asuitable mixture for the next explosion. When the pistons are againmoved upward, the inlet air and gas ports will be closed, as will alsothe exhaustports 41, and compression of the gas in the cylinder 3 willbe effected to such an extent as to unseat the valve 25 and force thegas through the passages 26 into cylinder 2 to mix with the air alreadytherein; The upward movement of the piston 8 will also serve to compressthe mixture sufficiently, so that when the pistons reach the limit oftheir upward stroke the ignition of the mixture may be effected toagaindrive the piston downward.

The invention has been described in connection with a single engine anda single ex-v capacity may be utilized for exhausting the products ofcombustion from and drawing air into the explosion-cylinders of all ofthe engines, and the use of this general arrangement in connection withseveral engines is expressly included in the invention.

The construction and arrangement of parts may obviously be varied withinconsiderable limits without departing from myinventiou, and I thereforedesire it to be understood that limitations are not to be imposedotherwise than by the state of the art.

I claim as my invention-- 1. In a gas-engine, the combination with apower-cylinder and its piston, of means for introducing air and gassuccessively into one end of said cylinder, a pump connected to theexhaust-port at the other end of said cylinder for withdrawing theproducts of combustion and a rotary valve between the exhaustport andthe pump.

2. In a gas-engine, the combination witha power-cylinder and its pistonhaving inletopenings for air and gas at one end, means for effectingadmission of air and gas through said ports successively and anexhaust-port at the other end of the power-cylinder, of a pump connectedto the exhaust-port and a rotary valve located between the exhaustportand the pump and gearing between the same and the governor-shaft.

3. In a gas-engine, the combination witha power-cylinder and its piston,of means for introducing air and gas successively at one end of thecylinder, apump for withdrawing the products of combustion from theother end of the cylinder and a rotary valve 'for controlling theconnection between the exhaust-port and pump.

4. In a gas-engine, the combination witha power-cylinder havinginlet-ports for air and gas atone end, of a piston operating in saidcylinder and having a valve device for controlling the air-inlet port, apump for exhausting the products of combustion from said cylinder and arotary valve between the exhaust-port and the pump.

5. In a gas-engine, the combination with, a power-cylinder having airand gas inlet ports at one end and an exhaust-port at the other, of apiston and a valve for the air-inlet port operated directly thereby, anexhaustu mp connected with the exhaust-port and a rotary valve forautomatically making and breaking pipe connection between the pump andthe exhaust-port.

6. In a gas-engine, the combination with a power-cylinder and agas-pumping cylinder in alinement with each other, pistons in therespective cylinders and a stem rigidly connecting the same and providedwith a valve device for governing the airinlet to the power-cylinder, ofan exhaust-pump connected to the exhaust-port of the power-cylinder anda rotary valvebetween the exhaust port and the pump.

7. In a gas-engine, the combination with a power-cylinder and agas-pumping cylinder in alinement with each other, of pistons in saidcylinders, a stem rigidly connecting said pistons and provided with avalve for governing the air-inlet to the power-cylinder, an exhaust-pumpconnected to the exhaust-port of the power-cylinder, a governor-shaftand a valve interposed between the exhaust-pump and the exhaust-port andgearing between said valve and the governor-shaft whereby the valve isrotated intermittingly to put the pump into communication with theexhaustport and cut it elf therefrom.

8. In a gas-engine, the combination with a power-cylinder having air andgas inlet ports at one end and an exhaust-port at the other end, of agas-pumping cylinder provided with means for introducing gas through thegasinlet port intothe powencylinder, pistons in the respectivecylinders, rigidly connected by a stem which embodies a valve device foropening and closing the air-inlet port, an exhaust-pump for withdrawingthe products of combustion from the power-cylinder, a rotary valveinterposed between the pump and the cylinder and gearing between saidvalve and the governor-shaft for operating the former to periodicallycut 0E communication between the exhaust-port of the cylinder and thepump.

9. In a gas-engine, the combination with one or more explosion-cylindersand means for admitting air and gas successively thereto, of anexhaust-pump connected with the exhaust-ports of the explosion cylinderor cylinders, and a rotary valve device operated from the governor-shaftand a casing therefor having ports arranged to permit of the escape ofthe products of combustion when under pressure without passing throughthe pump and to then connect said ports with the pump.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this 13th day ofDecember,

